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Lake Pupuke
Lake Pupuke is a heart-shaped freshwater lake occupying a volcanic explosion crater (or maar) between the suburbs of Takapuna and Milford on the North Shore of Auckland, New Zealand. The heart shape is a result of its formation by the linking of two circular craters - a larger one forming most of the lake and a smaller one forming the arm in the northeast. Separated from the sea by less than 200 m at one point, it has a circumference of about 4.5 km and reaches 57 m〔 in depth. It is popular for recreational activities and the lakefront property around it.
==Geology==
Other similar craters in the Auckland Volcanic Field were either buried by later eruptions, or breached by erosion as rainwater collected and overflowed the edge of the crater. Lake Pupuke remains a lake because, unlike the other vents, its eruptions produced substantial lava flows; water can thus escape through cracks in the lava reaching under the crater wall, creating a series of freshwater springs along the beaches between Takapuna and Milford. The lava flow at the end of Takapuna Beach enveloped a kauri forest, producing an internationally significant collection of tree moulds, which has been called "New Zealand’s only example of a fossil forest preserved in a lava flow" and which "ranks among the best examples in the world."〔(Geologist Bruce Hayward in ''Protecting North Shore City’s fossil forest'' ) (from a North Shore City Council press release, 2006-05-31. Accessed 2008-01-05)〕 Some moulds have escaped burial by the boat ramp and car park built on top of the lava, and can be viewed at low tide.〔(Education Kit - Volcanoes ) (from the Auckland War Memorial Museum website, page 12. Accessed 2007-05-23)〕
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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